The technology of quantum dots

Quantum dots (QD) are extremely tiny semiconductor particles, only a few nanometers in size. Because of their size, they have different optical and electrical properties than bigger particles. They form the basis of nanotechnology. If electricity or light is given to a variety of quantum dot types, they will produce light at particular frequencies, and since the frequencies can be precisely controlled by altering the size, shape, and substance of the dots, this opens up a wide range of potential applications.

Between the characteristics of discrete molecules and those of bulk semiconductors, quantum dots display intermediate characteristics. Their optoelectronic characteristics vary with both their size and shape. Longer wavelengths are emitted by larger QDs (such as those with a radius of 5–6 nm), which produce emission hues like orange or red. Blue and green are produced by shorter wavelengths emitted by smaller QDs (radius of 2-3 nm, for example), while the precise colours and sizes rely on the QD’s precise chemical makeup.